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Methods for open-source investigation: what an email, a username, a photo, a domain or a company record can tell you, and how to work with it lawfully.

8 articles · 6 topics

Image OSINT

Geolocating a photo or a point on the map

How to place a photo using clues in the scene, OpenStreetMap and Overpass, street-level imagery and shadows, and where the ethical limits lie.

Email OSINT

Checking breach exposure without touching passwords

Using Have I Been Pwned, XposedOrNot and LeakCheck to measure an email's breach exposure, and why handling leaked passwords crosses a line.

Ethics and law

OSINT and the GDPR: investigating within the law

Lawful basis, purpose limitation, minimisation, special categories and audit trails: how to apply the GDPR to an OSINT investigation.

Company records

Who runs a company: BORME, Companies House and OpenCorporates

How to find out who runs a company in Spain and the UK using BORME, Companies House and OpenCorporates, without mixing up namesakes.

Domain and IP recon

Domain and IP reconnaissance with open sources

DNS, RDAP, Certificate Transparency, passive DNS, exposed services and reputation feeds: a passive method for analysing a domain or IP.

Image OSINT

Reverse image search and photo metadata

EXIF metadata, why social networks strip it, reverse image search and perceptual hashing to find the same photo, without facial recognition.

Username OSINT

Searching a username across hundreds of sites

How WhatsMyName, Sherlock and Maigret work, why they return false positives, and how to tell whether two accounts with one handle share an owner.

Email OSINT

How to investigate an email address with OSINT

What open sources reveal about an email address: provider and MX, Gravatar, registered services, breach exposure, and how to corroborate it.